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Table 4 Association between the abundance of indoor microbial species and wheeze, rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in high schools in Shanxi, China. The β coefficient and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by 3-level logistic regression models adjusted for gender, smoking and parental asthma and allergy. Regression analyses for wheeze and rhinitis were conducted for species differentially present in urban and rural schools (LDA > 2) and mean relative abundance > 0.05%; and thus, 117 species were analyzed. Regression analyses for rhinoconjunctivitis were only conducted for 21 species that were potentially associated with rhinitis (p < 0.05). Only associations with p < 0.01 are presented in this table. The false discovery rate (FDR) was calculated by the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) procedure. “uc” means uncharacterized

From: Indoor bacterial, fungal and viral species and functional genes in urban and rural schools in Shanxi Province, China–association with asthma, rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis in high school students

Symptoms

Domain/kingdom

Class

Species

Relative abundance (%)

β (95% CI)

p value

FDR

Urban

Rural

Wheeze

Bacteria

Gammaproteobacteria

uc Pseudoalteromonas

0.08

0.05

0.11 (0.03, 0.19)

0.008

0.16

Rhinitis

Bacteria

Actinobacteria

Brachybacterium sp. P6-10-X1

1.36

2.75

− 0.12 (− 0.21, − 0.03)

0.009

0.17

Betaproteobacteria

uc Betaproteobacteria

0.10

0.08

0.08 (0.03, 0.13)

0.002

0.08

Gammaproteobacteria

uc Pseudoalteromonas

0.08

0.05

0.06 (0.03, 0.10)

< 0.001

< 0.01

Protista

Conoidasida

Neospora caninum

0.09

0.01

0.03 (0.01, 0.04)

0.002

0.08

Rhinoconjunctivitis

Bacteria

Flavobacteriia

uc Flavobacteriaceae

0.20

0.31

− 0.29 (− 0.51, − 0.07)

0.009

0.09

Actinobacteria

Microbacterium foliorum

0.08

0.06

0.14 (0.04, 0.24)

0.006

0.09