Fig. 5

Microbial genome-wide association studies. a–c The relative abundance of the cecal Parabacteroides was associated with genetic variation near the gene LARGE1. d, e The relative abundance of the cecal Megasphaera was associated with genetic variation near and inside the gene MTHFD1L. a, d Genome-wide Manhattan plot: the horizontal red and black lines indicate genome-wide significance (P = 5.36 × 10⁻⁹) and suggestive significance (P = 2.78 × 10⁻⁷) thresholds. Each point represents an SNP. b, c Close-up plots of the 0.15- and 0.5-Mb windows around the SNP with the highest association, respectively. c, f Comparison of the relative abundance of the cecal microbiota among genotypes within the highest associated SNP locus. Each point represents a sample. The data and center red point indicate the number and mean value in the corresponding genotype, respectively. **, * and ns represent adjusted P values < 0.01, < 0.05, and > 0.05, respectively. Detection rates of g Parabacteroides and h Megasphaera in the five sampling sites