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Fig. 4 | Microbiome

Fig. 4

From: Gut microbiota-derived inosine from dietary barley leaf supplementation attenuates colitis through PPARγ signaling activation

Fig. 4

Barley leaf (BL) improves intestinal functions through the PPARγ signaling activation. al Mice were fed a chow diet (CD) or an isocaloric BL-supplemented diet for 2 weeks. PPARγ antagonist GW9662 was administered with 3 mg/kg/day intragastrically. Colitis was induced by administering 2.5% DSS dissolved in drinking water for 7 days. a Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin-stained colonic sections. Scale bar = 100 μm. b Crypt height and c muscular layer width in the colon of mice from different mouse groups were quantified (n = 8). d Fecal pellet output and e gut transit time from different mouse groups were measured (n = 8). f Representative images of alcian blue-stained colonic sections and the number of mucus­producing goblet cells was quantified (n = 8). Scale bar = 200 μm. g Percentage body weight change, h diseases activity scores, i colon lengths, and j intestinal permeability from different mouse groups were measured (n = 6). k Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin-stained colonic sections and l histological scores. Scale bar = 200 μm. Data are pooled from three independent experiments. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001. For body weight change, a repeated measure two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed and the rest of the statistics was performed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test

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