Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) as a novel model to study the relationship between the avian microbiome and microbial endocrinology-based host-microbe interactions

Lyte, Joshua M.; Keane, James; Eckenberger, Julia; Anthony, Nicholas; Shrestha, Sandip; Marasini, Daya; Daniels, Karrie M.; Caputi, Valentina; Donoghue, Annie M.; Lyte, Mark

doi:10.1186/s40168-020-00962-2

Table 3 Colonic neurochemical concentrations of (HS)- and low (LS)-stress-responsive Japanese quail before and after handling

From: Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) as a novel model to study the relationship between the avian microbiome and microbial endocrinology-based host-microbe interactions

Chemical	HS quail				LS quail
Chemical	Control	0 min	30 min	60 min	Control	0 min	30 min	60 min
Norepinephrine	2.683 ± 0.308	2.728 ± 0.246	2.358 ± 0.229	2.592 ± 0.291	2.631 ± 0.341	2.522 ± 0.297	2.594 ± 0.337	2.392 ± 0.295
Epinephrine	1.130 ± 0.109	1.231 ± 0.053	1.213 ± 0.062	1.206 ± 0.048	1.065 ± 0.077	1.093 ± 0.071	1.097 ± 0.063	1.032 ± 0.055
Serotonin	18.004 ± 1.153	22.609 ± 1.632^a	18.709 ± 0.924	24.276 ± 1.635^a	17.972 ± 1.491	17.839 ± 1.294^b	16.568 ± 0.546	16.669 ± 0.920^b
Salsolinol	0.282 ± 0.123	0.460 ± 0.141	0.345 ± 0.126	0.267 ± 0.115	0.075 ± 0.039	0.142 ± 0.062	0.105 ± 0.055	0.104 ± 0.055
HVA	0.400 ± 0.277	0.183 ± 0.062	0.120 ± 0.052	0.168 ± 0.061	0.044 ± 0.030	0.054 ± 0.027	0.040 ± 0.021	0.043 ± 0.021
5-HIAA	0.427 ± 0.082	0.655 ± 0.045^a	0.515 ± 0.064	0.558 ± 0.066	0.391 ± 0.059	0.482 ± 0.051	0.514 ± 0.025	0.515 ± 0.015
Dopamine	0.841 ± 0.039	0.854 ± 0.048	0.813 ± 0.053	0.690 ± 0.102	0.564 ± 0.074^b	0.582 ± 0.082^b	0.567 ± 0.074	0.553 ± 0.068
DOPAC	0.189 ± 0.081	0.226 ± 0.082	0.333 ± 0.073	0.220 ± 0.079	0.151 ± 0.058	0.174 ± 0.066	0.174 ± 0.066	0.160 ± 0.056
L-Dopa	0.319 ± 0.169	0.324 ± 0.116	0.272 ± 0.096	0.275 ± 0.099	0.363 ± 0.094	0.374 ± 0.083	0.351 ± 0.094	0.300 ± 0.098
Histamine	20.899 ± 2.130	19.530 ± 2.725	19.819 ± 2.039	24.166 ± 1.691	4.784 ± 0.537^b	5.703 ± 0.303^b	5.724 ± 0.230^b	4.676 ± 0.662^b
L-histidine	11.515 ± 1.120	7.434 ± 0.758	8.015 ± 0.616	20.004 ± 11.215	13.771 ± 6.850	5.909 ± 0.664	9.345 ± 2.988	6.935 ± 1.164
Unknown #1	0.028 ± 0.022	0.005 ± 0.001	0.008 ± 0.002	0.005 ± 0.001	0.004 ± 0.001	0.005 ± 0.002	0.004 ± 0.001	0.002 ± 0.001
Unknown #2	0.183 ± 0.170	0.021 ± 0.007	0.020 ± 0.007	0.011 ± 0.002	0.012 ± 0.004	0.021 ± 0.004	0.007 ± 0.001	0.019 ± 0.007

^aSignificant difference (p < 0.05) of group compared to respective control group within a row; comparisons do not indicate high- vs low-stress quail
^bSignificant difference (p < 0.05) between the same respective group of HS and LS line quail within a row; comparisons do indicate HS vs LS quail
ND not detectable
Values are μg of chemical per g of tissue except for Unknowns #1 and #2 which are μA per g of tissue. All values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 12 quail/group). Quail were or were not (control) subjected to 15 min of handling stress and allowed to recover for 0 min, 30 min, or 60 min following stress before sacrifice and data was analyzed with outliers removed using Grubbs’ test using two-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s or Sidak post hoc test as described in the “Methods” section. 5-HIAA 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, DOPAC 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, HVA homovanillic acid, UNKN #1 Unknown #1, UNKN #2 Unknown #2

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ISSN: 2049-2618

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