From: Reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes in retail raw milk
Sampling states | Milk type | Incubation temperature | Incubation time | No. of milk brands | No. of samples | Bacterial plating | 16Sa | SMSb (HiSeq 4000) | SMSb (NovaSeq S4) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
California | Raw | 4 °C, 23 °C | 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h,12hc, 24 h | 2 | 480 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (n = 13) | ✓ (n = 8) |
Vat | 4 °C, 23 °C | 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h,12 h, 24 h | 1 | 240 | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | |
HTST | 4 °C, 23 °C | 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h,12 h, 24 h | 3 | 720 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (n = 11) | ✕ | |
UHT | 4 °C, 23 °C | 0 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h,12 h, 24 h | 2 | 480 | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | |
South Carolina | Raw | 23 °C | 0 h, 24 h | 2 | 24 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ (n = 4) |
Arizona | Raw | 23 °C | 0 h, 24 h | 2 | 30 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ (n = 4) |
Idaho | Raw | 23 °C | 0 h, 24 h | 2 | 36 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ (n = 4) |
Maine | Raw | 23 °C | 0 h | 2 | 24 | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |