Fig. 1

Alpha diversity boxplot showing a Observed OTUs, b Shannon, and c Faith’s PD at each renovation stage for bedrail, keyboard, and sink samples. For each sample source, the alpha diversity indices are shown on the y-axis and the renovation stage (before closure, purple; after closure, red; before opening, blue; after opening, orange) are on the x-axis. Boxes denote the interquartile range (IQR) between the first and third quartiles, and the horizontal line defines the median. Whiskers represent the smallest (ymin) and largest (ymax) observations within 1.5 times the IQR from the first and third quartiles. Outliers indicated by black circles. Letters shared in common among the renovation stages denote no significant difference (p > 0.05) determined by an ANOVA with room as a blocking factor and post hoc Tukey's HSD test