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Fig. 1 | Microbiome

Fig. 1

From: Entomopathogenic nematode-associated microbiota: from monoxenic paradigm to pathobiome

Fig. 1

Ex situ isolation, storage and laboratory multiplication of Steinernema entomopathogenic nematodes. a Ex situ Galleria trap methodology. Soil was sampled at a depth of 0–20 cm and transferred to 1 L plastic containers. Five last-instar Galleria mellonella larvae were placed in each container (ex situ Galleria trap). The containers were stored in the dark at 18 °C. After 7 days, dead G. mellonella were placed in a White trap consisting of an overturned 35-mm Petri dish covered with a piece of material (in blue) and placed in a larger Petri dish containing Ringer solution. After the production of a few generations of nematodes in G. mellonella cadavers, the IJs left the cadaver and migrated into the Ringer solution via the wet material (black dashes in Ringer solution). b IJ storage and laboratory Galleria trap method. IJs emerging from Steinernema and Heterorhabditis species were stored in 250-mL flasks containing 80 mL of Ringer solution supplemented with 0.1% formaldehyde at 9 °C, and flasks containing 80 mL of Ringer solution supplemented with 0.01% formaldehyde at 15 °C, respectively. Every 6 months, stocks were multiplied by adding 50–100 IJs to Galleria larvae placed on filter paper in a Petri dish (laboratory Galleria trap). Once the insects had died, their cadavers were placed in a White trap, as described above. Multiplication batches were labelled with the infestation date

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