Fig. 4

Resistome variation among different bird species. a ARG composition is influenced by host species. b ARG abundance were correlated with bacterial profiles in each species using Procrustes analyses. c Network analysis about the co-occurrence patterns among ARG subtypes. A connection represents a strong (Spearman’s correlation coefficient ρ > 0.85) and significant (P value < 0.01) correlation. The size of each node is proportional to the number of connections (i.e., degree). d Network analysis about the co-occurrence patterns between ARG subtypes and microbial taxa. A connection represents a strong (Spearman’s correlation coefficient ρ > 0.85) and significant (P value < 0.01) correlation. The size of each node is proportional to the number of connections(i.e., degree)