Fig. 3

Comparison of resistance gene composition among bird species. a Number of resistance gene. b Type of resistance gene. c Abundance of resistance gene. d Resistome alpha diversity between bird species. e The relative abundance of antibiotic resistance gene type assigned to each major antibiotic class in a different population. Boxes denote the interquartile (IQR) between the first and third quartiles (25th and 75th percentiles, respectively) and the line inside denotes the median. Whiskers denote the lowest and highest values within 1.5 times and the IQR from the first and third quartiles, respectively. The asterisks on the top indicate *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 (Mann–Whitney U test)