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Fig. 5 | Microbiome

Fig. 5

From: Diversity, evolution, and classification of virophages uncovered through global metagenomics

Fig. 5

Computational prediction of virophage hosts. a Example of the MIMIVIRE system between a virophage contig (bottom; taxon and scaffold identifiers from the IMG/M system = 3300003852_____Ga0031655_10000867) and a NCLDV (up; taxon and scaffold identifiers from the IMG/M system = 3300025141_____Ga0209756_1000004). Both viral sequences shared a common 27-nt pattern that encodes two DDES peptidic motifs (highlighted in dark blue and in a blue box). In addition, the NCLDV genome has three copies of an 18-nt substring of the same sequence with the same motifs (in light blue). b Phylogeny of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV) predicted as hosts of metagenomic virophages. Phylogenetic tree (IQ-tree LG + F + R6) of NCLDV inferred from a concatenated protein alignment of five core nucleocytoplasmic virus orthologous genes [38]. The tree was built from a representative set of NCDLV genomes after de-replication by ANI clustering (95% id). Red squares indicate virophage-host linkage as predicted by the MIMIVIRE system, red star shows the linkage of virophage-host by MIMIVIRE and co-occurrence in the same metagenome. The scale bar represents substitutions per site. Branches are collapsed if support was low (< 50), circles indicate moderate support (50–80, pale pink) or high support (80–97, green), branches without circles are fully supported (> 97). Tree is rooted at the poxviruses. The blue polygon indicates virophage-host linkage as predicted in c. c Schematic of the analysis of 699 marine microbial eukaryotic transcriptome sequencing projects (MMETSP). In the transcriptome of Alexandrium tamarense, the virophage four core genes were identified in two separate contigs (one containing the MCP and the other one the remaining three core genes) as well as a giant viral MCP and a DNA polymerase type

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