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Table 1 Characteristics of the study cohort

From: Alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism with coronary artery disease severity

 

Control

(n = 40)

SCAD

(n = 44)

UA

(n = 80)

MI

(n = 37)

P value

for trend

Age, years†

55 (49, 62.25)

62.5 (52.5,68.8)

62.5 (57.3, 67.8)

63 (53.5, 72)

0.023b

Female§

23 (57.5)

11 (25)

24 (30)

8 (21.6)

0.002abc

SBP, mmHg*

119.9 ± 10.8

130.8 ± 15.5

131.1 ± 17.7

126.5 ± 16.5

0.002abc

BMI, kg/m2*

24.2 ± 2.9

25.1 ± 3.3

26.7 ± 2.9

26.1 ± 3.8

< 0.001bc

Waistline, cm*

83.3 ± 10.2

90.1 ± 7.8

93.9 ± 8.7

93.6 ± 9.7

< 0.001abc

Current smoker§

6 (15)

25 (56.8)

43 (53.8)

22 (59.5)

< 0.001abc

Drinking history§

6 (15)

21 (47.7)

38 (47.5)

22 (59.5)

< 0.001abc

No. of stenosed vessels§

    

0.126

 NA

NA

3 (6.8)

5 (6.3)

0 (0)

 

 1

NA

13 (29.5)

26 (32.5)

5 (13.5)

 

 2

NA

11 (25)

15 (18.8)

13 (35.1)

 

 3

NA

17 (38.6)

34 (42.5)

19 (51.4)

 

Gensini score†

NA

35.25 (24, 65.5)

44.25 (33, 60)

62.5 (47, 74.5)

< 0.001de

Medication

 Statins§

2 (5)

13 (29.5)

28 (35)

11 (29.7)

0.005abc

 Antihypertensive drugs§

8 (20)

28 (63.6)

49 (61.3)

23 (62.2)

< 0.001abc

 Oral antidiabetic drugs§

2 (5)

12 (27.3)

15 (18.8)

12 (32.4)

0.014

Laboratory data

 TG, mmol/l†

1.3 (0.86, 1.87)

1.25 (1, 1.6)

1.6 (1.1, 1.9)

1.3 (1.1, 2.1)

0.113

 TC, mmol/l†

4.7 (4, 5.3)

3.7 (3.2, 4.6)

3.8 (3.3, 4.5)

4 (3.3, 4.7)

0.001abc

 HDL-C, mmol/l†

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

1 (0.8, 1.2)

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

0.9 (0.8, 1.1)

< 0.001abc

 LDL-C, mmol/l†

2.8 (2.2, 3.2)

2.1 (1.7, 2.7)

2.2 (1.7, 2.7)

2.3 (1.6, 2.8)

0.013b

 FBG, mmol/l†

6.2 (5.3, 7.9)

7.05 (5.9, 8.4)

6.4 (5.4, 7.9)

7.9 (6.2, 10.2)

0.019 c

 BUN, mmol/l†

4.9 (4.3, 5.9)

5.9 (4.9, 6.8)

6.2 (4.9, 7.3)

5.7 (5, 7)

0.006bc

 CR, μmol/l†

68.5 (61.2,79.8)

78.5 (67.3,92.8)

81.5 (68.25, 90)

79 (70.5, 89.5)

0.01bc

 cTnI, μg/l†

0

0.005 (0, 0.02)

0.003 (0, 0.014)

0.08 (0.06, 1.1)

< 0.001abcde

 hs-CRP, mg/l†

0.7 (0.4, 1.2)

1.3 (0.6, 3.2)

1.9 (0.8, 2.9)

3.8 (2, 19.4)

< 0.001bcde

 TNF-α, pg/mL†

11.4 (3.1, 21.9)

25.9(15.2, 64.2)

22.6 (15.8, 38.9)

18.8 (14.3, 23.4)

< 0.001abc

  1. †median (IQR), *mean ± SD, §n (%)
  2. Continuous, normally distributed variables among the four groups were analysed by a one-way analysis of variance. The Kruskal-Wallis H-test was applied for data of this type that were not normally distributed. Continuous, normally distributed variables between two groups were analysed by Student’s t-test. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied for data of this type that were not normally distributed. Categorical variables were compared by the χ2 test. N/A not available. Drinking history is defined as patients who consumed ≥ 50 g of alcohol per day. aP < 0.05 for equality between SCAD vs. control. bP < 0.05 for equality between UA vs. control. cP < 0.05 for equality between MI vs. control. dP < 0.05 for equality between SCAD vs. MI. eP < 0.05 for equality between UA vs. MI.