Fig. 5.
From: Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is associated with detrimental bacterial dysbiosis
Epithelial responses to chemotherapeutic treatment and potential for commensals to modulate mucosal response. Changes in the oral epithelial transcriptome during chemotherapy (baseline to V3) were evaluated in 14 subjects via DASL-whole genome arrays. a A scatter plot showing significantly upregulated gene ontology (GO) terms summarized using REVIGO. Size of each circle represents GO term frequency (log scale) and color its p value (log scale), with lower p values in blue. b genes related to the immune response that were upregulated more than twofold during chemotherapy. c Genes related to apoptosis upregulated more than twofold during chemotherapy. d The expression of selected immune genes as evaluated via real-time PCR after exposure of a 3D multilayer oral epithelial construct to Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 9222 (Ss) or Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii ATCC 49256 (Fn). e Expression of the proapoptotic gene PMAIP1 (NOXA) as measured via real-time PCR and micrographs depicting multilayer oral epithelial constructs stained with a fluorescent TUNEL assay to evaluate cell death. TUNEL-positive cells appear green and nuclei in blue. Bar = 50 μM