Fig. 2

Phylogeny, abundance, and metabolic potential of bacterial taxa in the fecal microbiota of piglets. Bacterial taxa were identified based on reconstructed genomes assigned to 360 bins with ≥ 70% completeness and < 5% contamination. The phylogenetic tree and the taxonomic assignment of reconstructed bins are shown as the innermost layers. The taxonomic assignment was based on the average amino acid identity of encoded proteins to the most closely related reference genome sequence. Branches and labels with different colors represent different phyla as indicated by the color code to the lower left. The heatmap in the third layer depicts the relative abundance of the 360 bins, inside to outside 0, 7, 14, and 21 d (n = 18 per time point). The relative abundance of bins in each sample was calculated from the average contig coverage obtained by re-mapping reads form samples and normalizing to the total reads in the sample. The outermost four layers depict the number of glycosyl hydrolases and esterases encoded in each bin. Glycosyl hydrolases and esterases were grouped by their predicted substrate specificity as follows: Lactose-degrading enzymes include GH1,GH2, and GH42; starch-degrading enzymes include GH13, GH31, GH97, GH4, GH14, GH15, GH57, and GH63; fructan-degrading enzymes include GH32, GH91, and GH68; β-glucan-degrading enzymes include GH8, GH16, GH26, GH5, GH6, GH9, GH10, GH12, GH44, GH48, GH45, and GH51; arabinoxylan-degrading enzymes include GH5, GH10, GH11, GH8, GH43, GH51, GH67, GH115, CE1, CE2, CE4, CE6, and CE7; host-glycan-degrading enzymes include GH20, GH84, GH110, GH89, GH125, GH109, CE14, GH123, and CE9