Fig. 5
From: Systemic translocation of Staphylococcus drives autoantibody production in HIV disease
Staphylococcus induced autoantibody and autoimmunity. C57BL/6 mice were injected with PBS, or HKPA, or HKSA, or HKST twice a week for 4 weeks and following one time a week for 8 weeks by intraperitoneal (i.p.) route, n = 5 per group. Figures were shown as scatter plot with median. a Anti-dsDNA autoantibodies were measured by ELISA in sera, and optical density (O.D.) indicates ELISA color change and the presence of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. b The alveolar septa widened and inflammatory cell infiltration induced by HKSA or HKST were shown by H&E-staining. c The percentages of germinal center cells (CD95+GL7+) from peripheral lymph nodes are shown in gated CD19+B220+ B cells. d The percentages of CD86+ cells are shown in gated germinal center B cells. e Proportions of GC B cells increased in the lymph nodes of HKSA and HKST groups compared to PBS or HKPA group. (F) The frequency of CD86+ GC B cells increased in the lymph nodes of mice after receiving HKST, HKSA, or HKPA. One-way ANOVA test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001