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Table 2 Body weights and gut morphometry of piglets fed formulas containing lactose (LAC), corn syrup solids (CSS), or mixture (MIX)

From: Metabolomic signatures distinguish the impact of formula carbohydrates on disease outcome in a preterm piglet model of NEC

 

LAC

MIX

CSS

Number pigs/group

 Healthy

18

6

25

 NEC

3

6

20

Time of death, hr post-feeding

 Healthy

106 ± 7

121 ± 1

104 ± 6

 NEC

83 ± 23

75 ± 12†

62 ± 9†

Birth weight (g)

 Healthy

934 ± 45

1011 ± 62

1066 ± 45

 NEC

872 ± 28

1010 ± 108

926 ± 50†

Final weight (g)

 Healthy

1382 ± 81

1511 ± 86

1530 ± 79

 NEC

1203 ± 116

1310 ± 122

1203 ± 97†

Weight gain (g•kg− 1•day− 1)

 Healthy

104 ± 6

99 ± 6

94 ± 6

 NEC

106 ± 17

86 ± 30

61 ± 20

Proximal jejunum

 Villus height (μm)

  Healthy

467 ± 34

427 ± 39

569 ± 33

  NEC

314 ± 25†

305 ± 32†

330 ± 38†

 Crypt depth (μm)

  Healthy

94 ± 3

107 ± 8

102 ± 5

  NEC

75 ± 8

79 ± 9†

83 ± 4†

Terminal ileum

 Villus height (μm)

  Healthy

537 ± 21

518 ± 12

634 ± 45

  NEC

179 ± 52†

277 ± 55†

291 ± 46†

 Crypt depth (μm)

  Healthy

114 ± 6

131 ± 12

121 ± 6

  NEC

97 ± 3†

75 ± 9†

82 ± 6†

Colon

 Crypt depth (μm)

  Healthy

232 ± 14

183 ± 16

216 ± 9

  NEC

314 ± 2a†

148 ± 5b

213 ± 14c

  1. Values are mean ± standard error of the mean. Superscripts a, b, and c designate the results of Tukey’s post hoc test comparing across groups; groups sharing letters are not significantly different (no superscripts if no differences were detected for that row). The cross, †, identifies differences between Healthy and NEC within a group, by student’s t test. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all tests