Fig. 3

Panels highlighting the main HMSC results based on the abundance model (details in Additional file 3). a HSMC-based estimates of species responses to the environmental covariates. The OTUs were ordered by their phylogeny (high-resolution tree in Additional file 7), as illustrated by the plots. Positive and negative responses, based on posterior mean, are shown in red and blue, respectively. The darker red and blue colors corresponding to cases with strong statistical support (posterior probability at least 95%), and the percentages of such OTUs are given on the bottom of the panel. The areas highlighted by the green rectangles are discussed in the text (1, Deltaproteobacteria and 2, Actinobacteria). b Variance partitioning of the species responses to the environmental covariates. Panels c and d show the HMSC-based estimates of species residual (after accounting for influences of covariates) associations. In panel c, the species have been ordered in a way that best show clusters of associated OTUs, whereas in panel d, they have been ordered by the phylogeny (as illustrated in the plots). Red (respectively, blue) entries show OTU pairs for which the residual association is positive (respectively, negative) with at least 95% posterior probability