Fig. 5

Composition of beneficial, commensal, and pathogenic microbes in host population under different selective models. Each barplot corresponds to a combination of host and microbial selection parameters both of which have four different levels: 1 (no corresponding selection), 10, 100, and 1000. Microbial selection is implemented as HMS. Each bar represents results averaged from five replicate simulations, and color indicates the types of microbes (blue, beneficial; green, commensal; red, pathogenic). Categories on the horizontal axes refer to different combinations of microbiome acquisition and environmental community assembly processes: MA(0)*ME(0) indicates no contributions from parents either directly or to the environment, MA(50)*ME(50) indicates 50% contribution of the parent to the offspring microbiome and 50% of parent to the environment, and MA(90)*ME(90) indicates 90% parental contribution to offspring microbiome and 90% parental contribution to environmental microbial community. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests suggest that the compositional changes of three types of microbes are statistically significant as parental contribution and HMS increases (p value < 0.0001) but not as HS increases