Table 2 Top 10 most abundant species identified by MetaPhlan2 and CLARK (abundance from MetaPhlan2)
From: Metagenomic characterization of ambulances across the USA
Species | Summed relative abundance across ambulances (average relative abundance ± SE) | NCBI Tax ID | Annotations |
|---|---|---|---|
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 2783.7 (7.0 ± 17.6) | 40,324 | A ubiquitous, aerobic, gram-negative bacterium. A common cause of nosocomial infections. |
Pseudomonas stutzeri | 2641.0 (6.63 ± 16.9) | 316 | A gram-negative soil bacterium found in almost all environments, it has diverse metabolic function, can fix nitrogen, and can be used in bioremediation and waste water treatment. It is an opportunistic pathogen, though rarely infects people. |
Micrococcus luteus | 1239.28615 (3.1 ± 13.7) | 1270 | A gram-positive, obligate aerobe which is part of mammalian skin microbiota and is also found in water, dust, and soil. Has been found to cause infections in immunocompromised patients. |
Propionibacterium acnes | 774.2 (1.9 ± 6.8) | 1747 | A gram-positive bacterium found on human skin and in the gastrointestinal tract and is linked to acne. Generally non-pathogenic but may contaminate bodily fluids and cause infections. |
Enterobacter cloacae | 400.0 (1.0 ± 6.4) | 550 | A gram-negative bacterium which is part of the normal gut microbiota which is an important nosocomial pathogen which causes a range of infections such as urinary tract and respiratory tract infections. Has been used as a biological control for plant disease. |
Kocuria rhizophila | 390.4 (1.0 ± 6.1) | 72,000 | A gram-positive bacterium with industrial applications in the food industry. Reclassified from Micrococcus luteus strain. |
Pseudomonas putida | 321.1 (0.8 ± 3.6) | 303 | A gram-negative soil bacterium which has a diverse metabolism that can degrade organic solvents and so has been used in bioremediation. It is found in soil and water habitats and is a type of rhizobacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with host plants. |
Bacillus cereus | 199.4 (0.5 ± 5.2) | 1396 | A gram-positive aerobic bacterium found in soil and food. Some strains can cause food poisoning due to secretion of emetic toxins and enterotoxins. It is also an opportunistic pathogen. |
Enterococcus faecalis | 182.4 (0.5 ± 3.1) | 1351 | A gram-positive bacterium which can survive in harsh environments and is found in the gastrointestinal tract, in soil, water, and plants. It is a common cause of nosocomial infections, and harbors high levels of antibiotic resistance. |
Staphylococcus epidermidis | 148.4 (0.4 ± 2.2) | 1282 | A gram-positive bacterium part of the normal human skin microbiota but may cause infections in immunocompromised patients. |