Fig. 4

Control of renal inflammation by gut microbiota in female lpr mice. a Serum level of IgG2a (n = 7 mice per group; ***P < 0.005). b Immunohistochemical stains of IgG2a (green) in the kidney. Bar equals 75 μm. Pathological scores are shown on the right (n = 4 mice per group; **P < 0.01). c Serum level of IgA (n = 7 or 8 mice per group; *P < 0.05). d Transcript level of Aicda (n = 7 mice per group; *P < 0.05). e Percentages of T cells and subpopulations in the kidney. f Percentage of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg cells in the kidney. Absolute Treg cell numbers are shown on the right (n = 7 mice per group; *P < 0.05). g FACS analysis of IL-17-producing CD4⁺ cells and percentage of RORγT⁺Tbet⁺ pathogenic Th17 cells in the kidney. Absolute pathogenic Th17 cell numbers are shown on the right (n = 7 mice per group; **P < 0.01)