Fig. 4

Human milk oligosaccharide degradation capabilities of vertically transmitted bifidobacterial strains. a Heat map representation of the presence/absence of genes encoding enzymes for degradation of milk oligosaccharides and transporters for uptake of the released compounds. Red and black squares represent the presence and absence of genes, respectively. b Growth profile on HMO-derived carbohydrates. Black color indicates that the final OD_600 nm is <0.3, yellow indicates the range of final OD_600 nm from 0.3 to 0.5, light green indicates the range between >0.5 and 0.8, and green indicates the final OD_600 nm >0.8