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Fig. 5 | Microbiome

Fig. 5

From: Aberrant intestinal microbiota due to IL-1 receptor antagonist deficiency promotes IL-17- and TLR4-dependent arthritis

Fig. 5

Commensal intestinal anaerobic tobramycin-sensitive microbiota promote arthritis in IL1rn −/− mice. a Arthritis severity scores (0–2 per paw) of IL1rn −/− mice treated with a cocktail of metronidazole, neomycin, and ampicillin (ABX) for 7 days (week 5 to 6), followed by re-colonization with SFB (ABX + SFB) 1 week after ending ABX treatment (at week 7). b, c Arthritis severity scores of IL1rn −/− mice either untreated (Ctrl) or treated with the mentioned antibiotic for 8 weeks. Data show mean + SEM of n = 5–7 (a) and n = 10 (b, c) mice per group. *P ≤ 0.05, ***P ≤ 0.001, by repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. d Representative images of ankle joint sections of control and tobramycin-treated mice stained with hematoxylin and eosin illustrating decreased synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction (closed arrows), and bone erosion (open arrows). Original magnification ×50 (left panels) and ×100 (right panels). e Histopathologic scores (mean + SEM) of synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion in control and tobramycin-treated IL1rn −/− mice. n = 9 per group. *P ≤ 0.05, by Mann-Whitney U test

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