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Table 3 Bacteria identified by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing

From: Symbionts in waiting: the dynamics of incipient endosymbiont complementation and replacement in minimal bacterial communities of psyllids

Species name

P-endosymbiont

Potential S-endosymbiont(s)

Facultative endosymbionts (potential reproductive manipulators)

Potentially transient or pathogenic bacteria

Class

Gammaproteobacteria (Halomonadaceae)

Gammaproteobacteria (Enterobacteriaceae + Coxiellaceae)

Alphaproteobacteria + Tenericutes (*)

Gammaproteobacteria + Tenericutes (*) + Firmicutes (#)

 

Arsenophonus (>95% BLAST match to NCBI Ref_genomes)

 

Cardiaspina albitextura

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%; full-length AN = 99%)

  

Cardiaspina densitexta

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%; full-length AN = 99%)

  

Cardiaspina fiscella

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%; full-length AN = 99%)

Wolbachia (1/12), Rickettsia (2/12)

 

Cardiaspina retator

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%)

  

Cardiaspina tenuitela

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%; full-length AN = 99%)

 

Escherichia (1/4)

Cardiaspina vittaformis

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%)

  

GB Cardiaspina sp.

Carsonella

OTU563559 (AN = 99%; full-length AN = 99%)

Rickettsia (1/14)

 

Trioza eugeniae

Carsonella

OTU16 (AN = 97%)

 

Serratia (1/6), Pseudomonas (1/6)

 

Sodalis and Sodalis-like (>95% BLAST match to NCBI Ref_genomes)

 

Cardiaspina maniformis

Carsonella

OTU86 (SP = 96%; full-length SP = 97%)

Lariskella (7/7)

 

Ctenarytaina bipartita

Carsonella

OTU106 (SP = 96%)

  

Ctenarytaina spatulata

Carsonella

OTU24 (SG = 96%)

  

Glycaspis sp. 2

Carsonella

OTU38 (SG = 95%)

Wolbachia (1/8)

 
 

Unclassified Enterobacteriaceae

 

Creiis sp. 1

Carsonella

OTU103 (SG = 93%)

Lariskella (3/3)

 

Creiis sp. 2

Carsonella

OTU112 (BP = 90%)

  

Eucalyptolyma maideni

Carsonella

OTU62 (ME = 93%)

Wolbachia (4/9)

 

Glycaspis sp. 1

Carsonella

OTU37 (ME = 91%) + OTU13 (ME = 92%)

  

Acizzia solanicola

Carsonella

OTU120 (CE = 92%)

  

Aacanthocnema dobsoni

Carsonella

OTU56 (WG = 87%)

Rickettsia (1/4)

Phytoplasma (2/4)*

Pauropsylla depressa

Carsonella

OTU53 (ME = 92%)

 

Erwinia (2/7), Pseudomonas (2/7), Enterobacter (1/7)

Trioza magnoliae

Carsonella

OTU9965 (BA = 89%)

Wolbachia (3/3)

 
 

Multiple S-endosymbionts

 

Creiis corniculata

Carsonella

OTU563559 (Arsenophonus AN = 99%) + OTU23 (CE = 93%)

Rickettsia (1/6)

 

Protyora sterculiae

Carsonella

OTU28 (Schneideria-like CE = 92%; full-length CE = 90%) + OTU46 (Schneideria-like BP = 91%; full-length BP = 91%)

  

Schedotrioza serrata

Carsonella

OTU96731 (Sodalis SP = 99%) + OTU86606 (Arsenophonus AN = 99%)

  

Ctenarytaina eucalypti

    

 Native (Tasmania)

Carsonella

OTU4333280 (CE = 100%) + OTU261110 (Sodalis SP = 97%)

  

 Invasive (Portugal)

Carsonella

OTU4333280 (CE = 100%)

  

Glycaspis brimblecombei

    

 Native (Mulgrave, NSW)

Carsonella

OTU26 (SG = 93%) + OTU563559 (AN = 99%) + OTU49 (Rickettsiella-like DM = 92%)

  

 Native (Richmond, NSW)

Carsonella

OTU26 (SG = 93%) + OTU563559 (AN = 99%) + OTU49 (Rickettsiella-like DM = 92%)

Spiroplasma (1/3)*

 

 Native (EucFACE, NSW)

Carsonella

OTU26 (SG = 93%) + OTU563559 (AN = 99%) + OTU49 (Rickettsiella-like DM = 92%)

Lariskella (1/1)

 

 Native (EucFACE, NSW)

Carsonella

OTU97 (SG = 92%) + OTU49 (Rickettsiella-like DM = 92%)

  

 Invasive (Portugal)

Carsonella

OTU26 (SG = 93%) + OTU49 (Rickettsiella-like DM = 92%)

 

Staphylococcus (2/5)#

  1. All psyllids harboured Carsonella and fixed S-endosymbionts, and 17% had facultative endosymbionts or transient/potentially pathogenic bacteria. All psyllids harboured abundant S-endosymbionts, many of which were difficult to classify to genus due to the short region of 16S rRNA gene sequenced and the similarity of the sequenced region across several insect endosymbiont taxa. The S-endosymbiont OTUs were grouped into Arsenophonus or Sodalis-like (based on >95% BLAST matches against the NCBI reference genomes database); matches lower than 95% were grouped as ‘unclassified Enterobacteriaceae’ with the closest reference genome BLAST match. NB In the last two columns, numbers in parentheses indicate the fraction of the total individuals that harboured the bacteria
  2. Genome abbreviations: Arsenophonus nilaparvatae NZ_JRLH01000006 (AN), Sodalis glossinidius ‘morsitans’ NC_007712.1 (SG), Sodalis praecaptivus strain HS1 NC_007712.1 (SP), S-endosymbiont of Ctenarytaina eucalypti NC_018419.1 (CE), Candidatus Blochmannia pennsylvanicus str. BPEN NC_007292.1 (BP), Candidatus Moranella endobia PCVAL NC_021057.1 (ME), Buchnera aphidicola (Cinara tujafilina) NC_015662.1 (BA), Wigglesworthia glossinidia NC_016893 (WG), Diplorickettsia massiliensis NZ_AJGC01000002.1 (DM)