Fig. 3

Most pathways include a mixture of both variable and invariable gene families. a Stacked bar plots show the fraction of invariable (blue), non-significant (gray), and variable (red) gene families annotated to KEGG Orthology pathway sets (rows), at different false discovery rate (FDR) cutoffs (color intensity). Only gene families with at least one annotated bacterial or archaeal homolog were counted. b Fraction of strongly invariable, non-significant, and strongly variable gene families within the ribosomes of different kingdoms. Row labels with only one kingdom indicate gene families unique to that kingdom, and rows with multiple kingdoms (e.g., “Eukaryotes/archaea”) indicate gene families shared between these two kingdoms. As expected, the bacterial ribosome was completely invariable