Fig. 1

Different symbiotic bacterial communities in the gut of susceptible and resistant strains of Bactrocera dorsalis. a Toxicity regression analyses of susceptible (SS; green line) and resistant (RS; red line) fly responses to trichlorphon. b Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot exhibiting a structural difference (according to the Bray-Curtis index) between the bacterial communities of SS and RS. c A heat map reflecting the mean number of the prominent OTUs in SS and RS. The data were log-transformed before plotting. d A stack map at the genus level for six samples. e Differences in the numbers (mean ± standard error (SE)) of tags that were assigned to Citrobacter between SS and RS. Statistically significant differences at the p < 0.01 level, as evaluated with independent-sample t tests are indicated by two asterisks above the bars