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Table 1 Characteristics of the volunteers

From: The administration of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine induces changes in the nasal microbiota and nasal epithelium gene expression profiles

 

Healthy volunteer

Healthy volunteer

 

Saline controls (n = 7)

LAIV (n = 10)

Age, mean (range)

21.3 (18–25) years

23.8 (18–32) years

Gender (% female)

23.5 %

29.4 %

Student (%)

100 %

70 %

Nose-picking

 Never

14.3 %

20 %

 Weekly

71.4 %

50 %

 Daily

14.3 %

30 %

  1. Values noted are means with ranges expressed for the age. In addition to that noted above, all volunteers had no recent smoking history, did not swim, predominantly showered rather than bathed, and used no probiotics or antibiotics within 90 days of enrollment