Fig. 5

Probiotic effect of Ma. sciuri on diet protection and schematic transfer of phyllosphere bacteria to insects. a Differential inhibition of Aspergillus spore germination by Ma. sciuri (Ms). The bacterial cells were added at a dosage of OD600 = 0.01 for 12 h. b Molding of the sterile Silkmate fodders after inoculation of A. flavus and A. oryzae for 10 days. c Pretreatment of the sterile Silkmate fodders with the Ma. sciuri cells inhibits the growth of two Aspergillus fungi. The sterilized fodder was included as a mock control. The photos were taken 10 days post-inoculations. d Schematic transfer of phyllosphere bacteria to herbivorous insect cuticles that can protect insects against fungal parasites. EPF, entomopathogenic fungi; PPF, plant pathogenic fungi; FDS, fungal disease spot; Ms, Ma. sciuri