Fig. 5

Butyrate supplementation prevents ileitis and Paneth cell defects in Phb1-deficient mice. A SCFAs in luminal ileal feces of Phb1^ΔPC mice and Phb1^fl/fl littermates. n = 7 for each genotype. B SCFAs in luminal ileal feces of Phb1^iΔIEC mice and Phb1^fl/fl littermates. n = 6 for each genotype. C, D H&E staining of the ileum and histological inflammation scoring in C Phb1^ΔPC mice and D Phb1^iΔIEC mice. Arrows denote immune cell infiltration. Bar = 50 μm. n = 8 for each genotype. E mRNA quantification in the ileum of Phb1^ΔPC or Phb1^fl/fl littermates. n = 8 per genotype. F mRNA quantification in the ileum of Phb1^iΔIEC or Phb1^fl/fl littermates. n = 8 per genotype. G, H Paneth cell lysozyme allocation patterns. n = 8 per genotype. I Average number of lysozyme⁺ cells across 50 crypts. n = 8 per genotype. J Number of AB-PAS.⁺ cells/crypt base across 50 crypts. n = 8 per genotype. AB-PAS, alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff; Ang4, angiogenin 4; Ifng, interferon-gamma; Il1b, interleukin 1 beta; Tnfa, tumor necrosis factor alpha; Veh, vehicle. Results are presented as individual mice ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001